Chapter 9
Verses 1-7: Reminder of Israel’s Rebellion and God’s Mercy
1. “Hear, O Israel: Thou art to pass over Jordan this day, to go in to possess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fenced up to heaven,”
2. “A people great and tall, the children of the Anakims, whom thou knowest, and of whom thou hast heard say, Who can stand before the children of Anak!”
3. “Understand therefore this day, that the Lord thy God is he which goeth over before thee; as a consuming fire he shall destroy them, and he shall bring them down before thy face: so shalt thou drive them out, and destroy them quickly, as the Lord hath said unto thee.”
4. “Speak not thou in thine heart, after that the Lord thy God hath cast them out from before thee, saying, For my righteousness the Lord hath brought me in to possess this land: but for the wickedness of these nations the Lord doth drive them out from before thee.”
5. “Not for thy righteousness, or for the uprightness of thine heart, dost thou go to possess their land: but for the wickedness of these nations the Lord thy God doth drive them out from before thee, and that he may perform the word which the Lord sware unto thy fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”
6. “Understand therefore, that the Lord thy God giveth thee not this good land to possess it for thy righteousness; for thou art a stiffnecked people.”
7. “Remember, and forget not, how thou provokedst the Lord thy God to wrath in the wilderness: from the day that thou didst depart out of the land of Egypt, until ye came unto this place, ye have been rebellious against the Lord.”
Interpretation:
Begins with a reminder of the challenges the Israelites will face in conquering the Promised Land, including formidable nations and cities. However, it emphasizes God’s role in their victory, portraying Him as a powerful force leading the conquest. A key theme is the humility of the Israelites; they are warned not to attribute their success to their own righteousness but to recognize it as a result of God’s judgment against the wickedness of the other nations and a fulfillment of His promises to their ancestors. The chapter serves as a corrective against pride and self-righteousness, reminding the Israelites of their past disobedience and God’s mercy despite their shortcomings.
Verses 8-16: The Golden Calf Incident and Moses’ Intercession
8. “Also in Horeb ye provoked the Lord to wrath, so that the Lord was angry with you to have destroyed you.”
9. “When I was gone up into the mount to receive the tablets of stone, even the tablets of the covenant which the Lord made with you, then I abode in the mount forty days and forty nights, I neither did eat bread nor drink water:”
10. “And the Lord delivered unto me two tablets of stone written with the finger of God; and on them was written according to all the words, which the Lord spake with you in the mount out of the midst of the fire in the day of the assembly.”
11. “And it came to pass at the end of forty days and forty nights, that the Lord gave me the two tablets of stone, even the tablets of the covenant.”
12. “And the Lord said unto me, Arise, get thee down quickly from hence; for thy people which thou hast brought forth out of Egypt have corrupted themselves; they are quickly turned aside out of the way which I commanded them; they have made them a molten image.”
13. “Furthermore the Lord spake unto me, saying, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:”
14. “Let me alone, that I may destroy them, and blot out their name from under heaven: and I will make of thee a nation mightier and greater than they.”
15. “So I turned and came down from the mount, and the mount burned with fire: and the two tablets of the covenant were in my two hands.”
16. “And I looked, and, behold, ye had sinned against the Lord your God, and had made you a molten calf: ye had turned aside quickly out of the way which the Lord had commanded you.”
17. “And I took the two tablets, and cast them out of my two hands, and brake them before your eyes.”
18. “And I fell down before the Lord, as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread, nor drink water, because of all your sins which ye sinned, in doing wickedly in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger.”
19. “For I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure, wherewith the Lord was wroth against you to destroy you. But the Lord hearkened unto me at that time also.”
20. “And the Lord was very angry with Aaron to have destroyed him: and I prayed for Aaron also the same time.”
21. “And I took your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt it with fire, and stamped it, and ground it very small, even until it was as small as dust: and I cast the dust thereof into the brook that descended out of the mount.”
22. “And at Taberah, and at Massah, and at Kibroth-hattaavah, ye provoked the Lord to wrath.”
23. “Likewise when the Lord sent you from Kadesh-barnea, saying, Go up and possess the land which I have given you; then ye rebelled against the commandment of the Lord your God, and ye believed him not, nor hearkened to his voice.”
24. “Ye have been rebellious against the Lord from the day that I knew you.”
25. “Thus I fell down before the Lord forty days and forty nights, as I fell down at the first; because the Lord had said he would destroy you.”
26. “I prayed therefore unto the Lord, and said, O Lord God, destroy not thy people and thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed through thy greatness, which thou hast brought forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand.”
27. “Remember thy servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; look not unto the stubbornness of this people, nor to their wickedness, nor to their sin:”
28. “Lest the land whence thou broughtest us out say, Because the Lord was not able to bring them into the land which he promised them, and because he hated them, he hath brought them out to slay them in the wilderness.”
29. “Yet they are thy people and thine inheritance, which thou broughtest out by thy mighty power and by thy stretched out arm.”
Interpretation:
In verses 8-16, this segment of Deuteronomy 9 recalls the incident of the golden calf at Mount Horeb (Sinai), a significant event in Israelite history representing their disobedience and idolatry. Moses’ recounting of this event serves to remind the Israelites of their propensity to stray from God’s commandments. The narrative illustrates Moses’ role as an intercessor between God and the people, highlighting the severity of their actions and God’s threat to destroy them. This recollection serves as a stark warning of the consequences of disobedience and the importance of adherence to God’s covenant. The emphasis is on learning from past mistakes to avoid future transgressions. The conclusion of Chapter 9, verses 17-29 recount Moses’ actions following the golden calf incident, including the breaking of the tablets, his subsequent intercession for the Israelites, and the destruction of the calf. This narrative highlights Moses’ role as a mediator and his fervent prayers to prevent God’s wrath from destroying the people. The chapter reiterates the Israelites’ repeated rebellions against God, serving as a stark reminder of their history of disobedience. Despite these transgressions, Moses appeals to God’s covenant with the patriarchs and His reputation among other nations, advocating for mercy and forgiveness. This passage illustrates the tension between divine justice and mercy, and the role of intercession in the relationship between God and His people.
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